Sarah Probst-Miller, DVM, Carthage (IL) Veterinary Service, Ltd. evaluated the use of electricity as a means of euthanasia for pigs weighing less than 10 lb.

Suzanne Millman, DVM, of Iowa State University evaluated the use of penetrating and non-penetrating captive-bolt guns as a single-step method of euthanasia. The research was designed to identify the force required to immediately render the animal unconscious, resulting in death for suckling, nursery, finisher and adult pigs.

Terry Engle of Colorado State University analyzed the effectiveness of using a high-altitude hypobaric chamber as a humane form of euthanasia. Engle reported the rate of administration is crucial for the well-being of the pig and indicated further investigation is required for this method to be considered humane.

Mhairi Sutherland, DVM, of AgResearch New Zealand and Larry Sadler of Iowa State University have investigated the use of carbon dioxide and other gas mixtures for euthanasia. Their research data would suggest that using a pre-filled method or faster flow rates provides better well-being for the pig.